Evaporating apparatus.



PATENTED AUG. 14, 1906.

J. A. WARREN. EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 19,1905.

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PATENTED AUG. 14, 1906.

J. A. WARREN. EVAPORATING' APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED APR.1.. 1905.

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JOSEPH A. WARREN; or 'WEsrBRooK, MAINE, ASSIGNOR To SAMUEL D.

WARREN, MORTIMER -B. MAsoN, AND FISKE WARREN, oRBosroN,

MASSACHUSETTS.

- EVAPOR'ATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters iatent.

Patented Aug. 14, i906.

Application filed April-19, I906- Serial'Nd. 256A08- To all whom it may con/earn:

Be it known that I, J osnrn A. WARREN, a

I citizen of the United States, and a resident of Westbrook, in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, have lnvented new and .useful' Improvements in Evaporating Appafrom pulp-digesters; and it consists sundry improved structural arrangements whereby the operation of such apparatus may be conveniently regulatedand its efficiency and productive continuity improved.

' evaporators or with appropriate modifications to an evaporating apparatus composed" of several units operated in series, so as to utilize the well-knbwnprinciple of multiple evaporation. However, whether these improvements 'be applied to a single or to a multiple. apparatus the operation and regu 'lation of units according to my invention will be in substance and efiect the same. The inain object of my invention is so to construct and regulate the evaporator units that, on the one hand the circulation .of evaporating liquid may be maintained so asto cover adequately all 'theheating-surface, and

so that,:on' the other hand, excessive, and therefore wasteful, foaming shall be avoided.

In the drawings hereto annexed, which illustrate an'embodiment of my inventlon and improvements, whether applied to a sin- 1 gle unit or to several units arranged in series,

Figure 1 is a vertical cross-section of an evaporating unit; and Fig. 2 a vertical elevation of two such units in series, showing more in detail than Fig. 1 the arrangement of piping.

In Fig. 1, A is the cylmdrioal shell of a steam-chamber provided with tube-sheets A and A and with vertical tubes B, which extend from tube-sheet A to tube-sheet A and serve as channels of communication between the intake-chamber B and the vaporchamber C. A lug B is cast in. the base of the chamber-B and is provided with apertures for the .coupling of circulation-pipes presently to be described. A flange-plate of suitable construction surrounds the opening chamber and may be wasted or returned to the boiler from whichthe steam is originally suppl ed. The vapor-chamber C, as well as the up er tube-sheet A issustained by a flaring ead 13 which is properly secured to the u per rim of the shell A. The vaporcham er 0 is ooveredby a. dome C and is provided with a lateral aperture Ci for carry- 1 g mg off the vapors of evaporation; Within My improvements are appllcable to slnglethe vapor-chamber O there is secured a flange 0 upon which is mounted the drum C and from the drum 0 there are suspended the conical or conoidal baffle-plates C C. The

A in the shell A, thesaid opening adapted to communicate with a suitable steam-supply,"

annular space between the drum C and the sides of the vapor-chamber C is drained by short pipes G which are secured to the flange C Upon the tubesheet A there is also secured a ring G, between which and the lower part of the shell of the chamber C'there is therefore an annular space or trough wherein the condensing vapors of evaporation and the unevaporatedliquids are collected in the manner presently to be described. This trough (marked 0 in Fig. 1) is drained by the pipes D, whereof one is shown in Fig.1"

Referring toFig. 2, the

and two in Fig. 2. drain-pipes D are continued in downward extensions D and lateral continuations D to a coupling H, communicating with the pipe D The coupling H has also securedto and communicating with it the pipe D which is further connected with the discharge-elbow D by means of sliding joints D These sliding joints are provided so that the upper levelof this discharge-pipe D may be adjusted within convenient limits. In orderv to prevent siphon action, the siphon-breaker pipe D is jointed by a sliding joint D to the pipe D which communicates with the interior of the va or-chamber C. A pipe E enters the lug 2 and serves as the entranceconduit for the liquid to beevaporated.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2 conjunc tion and leaving out of consideration for the present the series or multiple arrangement of' the units shown in Fig. 2, the operation of the apparatus considered as a .unit is as follows:'

The liquid to be evaporated is run'into the chamber Bthrough the pipe E, Fig. 2, and thereupon rises 'in the tubes B to the leyel determined by the height of the elbow-pipe Di. Steam is admitted to theshe'll A through the aperture A and the liquid in the tubes B boils and rises by reason of the ebullition, blowing out at the tops of the tubes B into the chamber C against the bafiie-platesC C, which deflect the liquid portion into the trough C through the drum C whereupon part of 1t-1s condensed and drips from the drum G into the trough C passs over into the'annular space between the drum C ahd the shell of the chamber 0, passing out through the aperture G into the atmosphere or to a condenser,

where, if desired, avacuum may be main-' tained'. Condensation upon the sides of the chamber C or the outside of thedrum C collects on the flange C and runs through the pipe G into the trough 0 As this trough is filled its contents run through the pipes D, D, D and D back to the entrance-chamber B and pipes B, where'the evaporation isrepeated. The extent of evaporation and degree ofconcentration are regulated by the supply entering the apparatus at E and the liquor concentrated to the desired degree runs off through the pipesD, D and D and may be collected or disposed of at will, either by running it to storage-tanks of other apparatus, if only one evaporator unit is used, or by conducting it, as by'a pump F, into another evaporator, from which it is finally conducted from the pipe D (See left-hand evaporator of Fig. 2.)

In Fig. 2 a pair of evaporator units are shown arranged in series for multiple effect. In thisarrangement of evaporators the steam supply is admitted to the shell A through the aperture A of the left-hand unit. The su ply of liquor to be evaporated in the letand unit is derived from the discharge of partially-evaporatedliquor from the righthand unit, a pump F being provided which draws the liquid from pipe D forcing it into -the left-hand evaporator unit through the pipe F. Thereup'on this liquid is still further evaporated, circulating upward, as above described, and returned through the pipes D D D D to the base of the evaporator unit and when sufliciently concentrated passing oil through the pipe D to the inverted discharge-pipe D which is connected to the pipe D by a sliding joint D and provided also with a siphon-breaking pipe D telescopically connected to pipes D and D The final discharge of liquid after concentration is from the pipe D of the last evaporator unit of the series.

The vapors of evaporation escape from the vapor-chamber O of the left-hand evaporat- The vapor of evaporation rises through a separator S, which may be ofany known or desired construction', and thence into the aperture A of the right-hand evaporator unit, as shown in Fig. 2. As will be recognized by those familiar with the con plied to obtain; the multiple evaporative efiect through as many steps as re uired.

The economy and efliciency of eac unit in such a system is properly conserved by the empioym'ent of the means such as above de- SOIl' drostatic level of the liquid to be evaporated, so that, according to the conditions existing, the heating-sugfaces of each evaporator s all be adequately covered with liquid an so that, on the other hand, excessive foaming may be avoided. It may be that with an apparatus operating under substantially invariof evaporating liquid will also be substantially invariable, in which case it might not be necessary to provide such devices as the telescoping joints above described; but I believe it to be desirable to furnish such apparatuswith means not only for determining and maintaining the normal hydrostatic level of evaporatingliquid, but also for adjusting this level to suit possible variations of condition.

When I speak of the hydrostatic level, it will of course be understood that a clearlydefined level would only exist if the apparatus were coldand not operating, the ebulthat it would e quite diflicult perhaps to ascertain exactly where the liquid was maintained but, nevertheless, the hydrostatic condition exists as much in the operating as in the quiescent apparatus, and the determiworking conditions.

The circulation through a unit or a series of units of the character described hereinabove may be maintained by means of a pump or pumps or by maintaining avacuum at proper points. These, however, are or relate to expedients of operation which are thoroughly Well understood by those skilled in the art to Whichthis inventiqn relates.

What I claim, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is'

1. In an evaporating apparatus, a steamchamber, vertical evaporating-tubes therein, means to supply fluid to said tubes from below, and a discharge-pipe provided with an overflow-bend, said bend verticall adjustable to regulate the hydrostatic levei of liquid in the tubes. v

2. In an evaporating apparatus, the steamchamber, vertical evaporator-tubes therein, a supply-chamber below the tubes and coming unit at the aperture Q and pass thence municating therewith, a vapor chamber .-struction and operation of evaporating a'pparatus, these units may be indefinitely multied for maintaining or regulating the hy able conditions the determined level or levels lition in the o crating apparatus being such nation of this level is ofmarked significance in the securement and regulation of economic above the tubes, return-pipe from the vaporchamber to the supply-chamber, a dischargepipe having an overflow-bend to determine the hydrostatic level of liquid in the evaporator-tubes, and a siphon-breaking pipe leading from the overflow to the vapor-chamber.

3. In an evaporating apparatus, the steam chamber, vertical evaporator-tubes therein, a supply-chamber below the tubes and communicating therewith, a vapor Chamber above the tubes, return-pipe from the vaporchamber to the supply-chamber, a dischargepipe having an overflow-bend and telescopic joint to regulate and determine the hydrostatic level of liquid in the evaporator-tubes, and a siphon-breaking pipe leading from the overflow to the vapor-chaniber-and having a telescopic joint therein.

Signed by me at Boston, Suffolk county, Massachusetts, this 17th day of April, 1905.

JOSEPH A. WARREN. Witnessesz ODIN ROBERTS, WALTER B. NYE. 

